Disclusion Time Reduction Publications

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DTR is strongly supported by multiple studies performed by multiple differing authors that are found in numerous widely respected publications. This base of knowledge informs our efforts as we seek to deepen the medical world’s ability to treat and understand temporomandibular joint disorders and associated conditions. By making this information more accessible and constantly expanding it by funding further research, we can change the lives of countless patients.

 

  1. Kerstein, DMD, R. B. (Ed.). (2025). Handbook of Research on T-Scan Technology Applications in Dental Medicine. IGI Global. https://www.igi-global.com/book/handbook-research-scan-technology-applications/318679
  2. Kerstein, R.B., and Farrel, S., Treatment of myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome with occlusal equilibration. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1990; 63:695 - 700.
  3. Kerstein, R.B., Wright, N., An electromyographic and computer analysis of patients suffering from chronic myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome; pre and post - treatment with immediate complete anterior guidance development. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1991; 66(5):677 - 686.
  4. Kerstein, R. Disclusion time reduction therapy with immediate complete anterior guidance development: the technique. Quintessence International. 1992;23:735 - 747.
  5. Kerstein, R.B., A comparison of traditional occlusal equilibration and immediate complete anterior guidance development. Cranio. 1993;11(2):126 - 140.
  6. Kerstein, R.B., The hows and whys of disclusion time reduction therapy. Dentistry Today. 1993;12(3)34 - 37.
  7. Kerstein, R.B., Anterior guidance enhancement before disclusion time reduction. Dentistry Today,1993;12(6)57 - 59.
  8. Kerstein, R.B., Alternative splint design to reduce Disclusion Time in severe open occlusion patients. Dentistry Today, 1994;13(3):68 - 73.
  9. Kerstein, R.B., Disclusion Time Measurement Studies: Stability of disclusion time. a 1 year follow - up study. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1994;72(2):164 – 168.
  10. Kerstein, R.B., Disclusion time measurement studies; Part 2: A comparison of disclusion time length of 49 chronic myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome patients to 40 non - patients. A population analysis. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 1994; Vol. 72(5), 473-480.
  11. Kerstein, R.B., Treatment of myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome with occlusal therapy to reduce lengthy disclusion time - a recall study, Cranio, 1995; 13(2):105-115.
  12. Kerstein, R.B., Chapman R., and Klein, M., A comparison of ICAGD (Immediate complete Anterior Guidance Development) to "mock ICAGD" for symptom reductions in chronic myofascial pain dysfunction patients. Cranio, 1997: 15(1):21-37.
  13. Abstract of Kerstein, R.B., Chapman R., and Klein, M., A comparison of ICAGD (Immediate complete Anterior Guidance Development) to "mock ICAGD" for symptom reductions in chronic myofascial pain dysfunction patients. Cranio, 15(1):21-37,1997), In TMJ Update. Vol. 15, No.2, Mar/Apr 1997.
  14. Kerstein, R.B., Current Applications of Computerized Occlusal Analysis in Dental Medicine. General Dentistry, 2001;49(5);521-530.
  15. Kerstein, R.B.; DuPont, Glenn: Anterior Guidance and Muscle Function, Contemporary Esthetics, April 2001, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 96-109.
  16. Kerstein, R.B.; Combining Technologies: A Computerized Occlusal Analysis System Synchronized with a Computerized Electromyography System, Journal of Craniomandibular Practice, April 2004, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 96-109.
  17. Kerstein, RB. Radke J. The effect of Disclusion Time Reduction on maximal clench muscle activity level. Journal of Craniomandibular Practice, July 2006: 24 (3); 156-165.
  18. Kerstein, RB. Reducing chronic masseter and temporalis muscular hyperactivity with computer-guided occlusal adjustments. Compendium of Continuing Education, 2010;31(7):530-543.
  19. Kerstein RB, Radke J. Masseter and temporalis excursive hyperactivity decreased by measured anterior guidance development. The Journal of Craniomandibular Practice, 2012; 30(4):243-254.
  20. Kerstein, R.B., Radke, J. Clinician accuracy when subjectively interpreting articulating paper markings. The Journal of Craniomandibular & Sleep Practice, 2013;32 (1):13-23.
  21. Thumati, P., Manwani, R., & Mahantshetty, M. The effect of reduced disclusion time in the treatment of myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome using immediate complete anterior guidance development protocol monitored by digital analysis of occlusion. The Journal of Craniomandibular and Sleep Practice, 2014; 32(4), 289-299.
  22. Sutter, B.A. Two Case Reports of Meniere’s Disease That Responded to Computer-guided Occlusal Therapy. The Application of the Principles of Neuromuscular Dentistry to Clinical Practice. Anthology Vol. XI, The International College of Craniomandibular Orthopedics, 2016:11;89-98.
  23. Yiannios, N., Sutter, B., Radke, J, Kerstein, R.B. TMJ vibration changes following immediate complete anterior guidance development. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques. 2018; 1(1):13-28.
  24. Thumati, P., Sutter, B.A., Kerstein, R.B., Yiannios, N., & Radke, J. (2018). Beck Depression Inventory changes in muscular TMD subjects after measured occlusal treatment. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques. 2018;1(1):1-13.
  25. Thumati P, Poovani S, Bharathi B, Mounika Kerstein, R.B. & Radke, J. Computer-guided Occlusal Treatment Improves Smoothness, Timing and Velocity of Gum Chewing. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2019;1(2):11-21.
  26. Basson E, Kerstein RB, Radke J. Ability to Correctly Select High Force Occlusal Contacts from Articulating Paper Markings. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques. 2020;2(1):101-10.
  27. Thumati P, Kerstein RB, Pai NM, Singh N, Ganjekar S, Chaturvedi SK. Disclusion Time-Reduction Therapy in a patient under Depression due to Occluso-muscular chronic pain: A Case Report. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2020;3(1):52-62. Epub
  28. Thumati P, Poovani S, Bharathi B, Mounika A, Kerstein RB, Radke J. A Disclusion Time Reduction Randomized Controlled Occlusal Adjustment Trial. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2020;2(2):1-23.
  29. Sutter B, Teragawa S, Radke J. Trigeminal Neuralgia Patients Treated with Disclusion Time Reduction (DTR): A Retrospective Cohort Study. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2020 Aug;2(2):90-105.d
  30. Thumati P. Essential Palatal and Nostril Myoclonus Patient relieved by Disclusion Time Reduction therapy: A Case Report. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques. 2020;2(2):33-46.
  31. Brattesani C. Guidance Surface Enhancement to Treat a Chronic Occluso-muscular Disorder: A Case Study. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques. 2021;3(1):136-47. Epub.
  32. Thumati PP, Thumati RP, Thumati P, Kerstein RB, Radke J. Efficacy of Disclusion Time Reduction Occlusal Therapy for Headache and Migraine. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2021;3(2):42-55. Epub.
  33. Sutter BA, Girouard, P. Posture Stability and Forward Head Posture Before and After Disclusion Time Reduction (DTR). A Five-Year Cohort Study. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2021;3(2):23-35
  34. Thumati PP, Thumati RP, Poovani S, Sattur A, Srinivas S, Kerstein RB, Radke J. A Multi-Center Disclusion Time Reduction (DTR) Randomized Controlled Occlusal Adjustment Study Using Occlusal Force and Timing Sensors Synchronized with Muscle Physiology Sensors. Sensors, 2021. 21;23:7804 https://doi.org/10.3390/s21237804
  35. Matos M, Thumati P, Sutter BA, Ruiz-Velaso G, Goldberg J, Booth J, Radke J. Are Temporomandibular Disorders Really Somatic Symptom Disorders? Part I – Psychometric evaluation of different physical treatment approaches. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2021 May;3(2):5-16.
  36. Matos M, Thumati P, Sutter BA, Ruiz-Velaso G, Goldberg J, Booth J, Radke J. Are Temporomandibular Disorders Really Somatic Symptom Disorders? Part II – Joint Vibration Analysis of the Temporo-mandibular Joint. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques. 2021 Oct;4(1):21-34.
  37. Matos M, Thumati P, Sutter BA, Ruiz-Velaso G, Goldberg J, Booth J, Radke J. Are Temporomandibular Disorders Really Somatic Symptom Disorders? Part III – Masticatory Function as Revealed by EMG and EGN. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques. 2021 Nov;4(1):35-53.
  38. Kerstein RB, Sutter B, Radke J. Increased Mastication Smoothness After Disclusion Time Reduction (DTR). Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2021 Jan;4(1):65-75. Epub.
  39. Thumati P, Thumati RP, Kerstein RB, Radke J. Bruxism Improvements After Disclusion Time Reduction (DTR) – A Pilot Study. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2021 Dec;4(1):54-64. Epub.
  40. Matos M, Thumati P, Sutter BA, Ruiz-Velaso G, Goldberg J, Booth J, Radke J. Are Temporomandibular Disorders Really Somatic Symptom Disorders? Part II – Joint Vibration Analysis of the Temporo-mandibular Joint. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2021;4(1):21-34.
  41. Matos M, Thumati P, Sutter BA, Ruiz-Velaso G, Goldberg J, Booth J, Radke J. Are Temporomandibular Disorders Really Somatic Symptom Disorders? Part III – Masticatory Function as Revealed by EMG and EGN. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2021;4(1):35-53.
  42. Kerstein, R.B., & Radke, J. (2017): Average Chewing Pattern improvements following Disclusion Time reduction. CRANIO 35, 135-51. DOI:10.1080/08869634.2016.1190526
  43. Kerstein, R.B. & Radke, J. (2019). Computer-guided Occlusal Treatment Improves Smoothness, Timing and Velocity of Gum Chewing. Advanced Dental Technologies & Techniques, 1(2), 11-21.
  44. Kerstein RB, Sutter B, Radke J. Increased Mastication Smoothness After Disclusion Time Reduction (DTR). Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2021 Jan;4(1):65-75. Epub.
  45. Thumati P, Thumati RP, Kerstein RB, Radke J. Bruxism Improvements After Disclusion Time Reduction (DTR) – A Pilot Study. Advanced Dental Technologies and Techniques, 2021 Dec;4(1):54-64. Epub.
  46. Thumati, P. (2015). The influence of immediate complete anterior guidance development technique on subjective symptoms in Myofascial pain patients: Verified using digital analysis of occlusion (Tek-scan) for analyzing occlusion: A 3-year clinical observation. Journal of the Indian Prosthodontic Society, 15(3), 218-23.
  47. Thumati, P., & Kerstein, R.B. (2020). Essential Palatal and Nostril Myoclonus Patient Relieved by Disclusion Time Reduction Therapy - A Case Report. Advanced Dental Technologies & Techniques, 2(2), 33-
  48. P., Thumati, R.P., Kerstein, R.B, & Radke, J. (2022). Trigeminal Neuralgia Improvements After the Immediate Complete Anterior Guidance Development Coronoplasty (ICAGD). Advanced Dental Technologies & Techniques. 4(2), 66-75. Epub
  49. P., Thumati, R.P., Kerstein, R.B, & Radke, J. (2021). Cold Sensitive Teeth Improvements After Disclusion Time Reduction (DTR). Advanced Dental Technologies & Techniques, 4(1), 77-85. Epub
  50. Uchale, P., Deogade, S., Khalikar, A., Wankhade, S., Taneja, S., & Lalsare, S. (2024). Effectiveness of T-Scan technology in identifying occlusal interferences and its role in the management of Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 18(6), ZC09-ZC15 DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2024/67960.19470
  51. Haines, D.E. (2012). An Atlas of Structures, Sections, and Systems, Ed.8, Baltimore, MD: Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins. pp 199, 227
  52. Qadeer, S., Ozcan, M., Edelhoff, D., & Van Pelt, H. (2021). Accuracy, Reliability, and Clinical Implications of Static Compared to Quantifiable Occlusal Indicators. European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry, O.I.10.1922/ EJPRD_2202Qadeer12
  53. Revuru, P., & Sajjan. S. (2023). Influence of disclusion time reduction on changes in posterior implant prosthesis occlusion and its association with crestal bone loss: A clinical study. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, DOI. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.04.024
  54. Shetty, P.P., & Chowdhary, R. (2023). Prosthodontists’ clinical accuracy in selecting high force occlusal contacts from articulating paper marks - A questionnaire study. Advanced Dental Technologies & Techniques 25, 1-15. E-Pub
  55. Sutter, B.A. (2017). A digital poll of dentists testing the accuracy of paper mark subjective interpretation, CRANIO, 9, 18 DOI:10.1080/08869634.2017.1362786
  56. Chowdhary R., Sonihalli, NK. Clinical Applications of the T-Scan Quantitative Digital Occlusal Analysis Technology; A Systematic Review. International Journal of Computerized Dentistry , 2023 DOI: 10.3290/j.ijcd.b3945153

Textbook Chapters

  1. Kerstein RB. Time-sequencing and force-mapping with integrated electromyography to measure occlusal parameters. In Informatics in Oral Medicine, Ed. Adriani Daskalaki, 2010 IGI Global, Hershey PA
  2. Kerstein, R.B. (2015). Employing T-Scan Synchronized with Electromyography to Treat Chronic Occluso-muscle Disorder. In Handbook of Research on Computerized Occlusal Analysis Technology Applications in Dental Medicine,  Hershey, PA: IGI Global. doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-6587-3
  3. Sutter BA. Complex Medical Diagnoses with an Underlying Dental Etiology; Case Reviews. In Kerstein, RB, Handbook of Research on Clinical Applications of Computerized Occlusal Analysis in Dental Medicine. 2019. Vol. 3; pp. 1243-1315. Hershey, PA: IGI Global. doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-9254-9
  4. Kerstein RB Employing T-Scan Synchronized with Electromyography to Diagnose and Treat Chronic Occluso-muscle Disorder. In Kerstein, RB, Handbook of Research on Computerized Occlusal Analysis Technology Applications in Dental Medicine, 2019. Vol. 2; pp. 362 – 514. Hershey, PA: IGI Global. doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-6587-3
  5. Radke, J. Modern Technology Enhances Diagnostic Accuracy and Outcome Assessments. In Handbook of Research on T-Scan Technology Applications in Dental Medicine. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9313-7. Pp. 783 - 896
  6. Kerstein, RB. Disclusion Time Reduction (DTR) With the Synchronized T- Scan 10/BioEMG III Technologies to Treat Chronic Muscular Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) . In Handbook of Research on T-Scan Technology Applications in Dental Medicine. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9313-7. Pp. 1129 – 1418.
  7. Srinivas, S. Employing Specific Immediate Complete Anterior Guidance Development (ICAGD) Occlusal Adjustment Protocols to Achieve Short Disclusion Time. In Handbook of Research on T-Scan Technology Applications in Dental Medicine. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9313-7. Pp.1419-1476
  8. Sattur, AP. Airway Changes Detected by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in Muscular Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Subjects Treated With Disclusion Time. In Handbook of Research on T-Scan Technology Applications in Dental Medicine. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9313-7. Pp. 1477 - 1592
  9. Radke, J., Sutter, BA. Comparison of Masticatory Function of Symptomatic Patients and Control Subjects. In Handbook of Research on T-Scan Technology Applications in Dental Medicine. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9313-7. Pp.1593- 1652
  10. Sutter, BA. Complex Medical Conditions With an Underlying Occlusal Etiology Successfully Resolved by Disclusion Time Reduction (DTR). In Handbook of Research on T-Scan Technology Applications in Dental Medicine. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9313-7. Pp. 1653 – 1768.
  11. Thumati, P., Thumati, R., Thumati, PP. the Influence of Static and Dynamic Occlusal Forces on the Musculoskeletal System With Digital Occlusal Analysis. In Handbook of Research on T-Scan Technology Applications in Dental Medicine. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9313-7. Pp. 1769 - 1902.
  12. Yiannios, N. State-of- the-Art Diagnostic and Treatment Methods for the Successful Management of Hypersensitive Teeth In, Handbook of Research on T-Scan Technology Applications in Dental Medicine. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9313-7. Pp. 2665- 2828